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东北经济落后的根本原因是什么?东北经济衰退的原因分析

来源:名资汇网 caiji007 2023-10-04 07:35:00

如果问中国东北人最多的地方是哪里?也许有人觉得这个问题也太魔性了,当然是东北的东北人最多!

可为何这些年,身在全国各地的小伙伴却觉得身边越来越多的东北人?看来东北人都是离家出走,奔向全国,东北的人口似乎流失得很厉害,但这是真的吗?咱们不要吵,我们要用数据说话。

东北人外流

根据2005-2017年各地区净外流人数,我们可以很清楚地了解到:长期以来,净外流最多的几个省份并不属于东三省。最前面的几个主要是河南、四川、安徽、贵州、广西等人口大省,而东三省则长期处于中下游地位。

假如感觉2017年[文]有点遥远,再以第七[章]次人口普查的数据来[来]看,结果仍然是一样[自]的,净外流人口最多[历]的还是那几个省,东[史]三省加起来还没有河[大]南一个省的人多,事[全]实就是如此!地盘黑[网]傻眼?

尽管不是最多的,但东北人离开东北越来越多地去外地发展,那么这些东北人又到哪里去了?真的像传说中说的都是去海南买房子?

实际上东三省的外流人口,主要还是以内流为主,去了东北的那几个大城市。除了东北,最好的选择是北京,因为北京是最靠近东北、发展机会最多的一线城市。除北京外,向内蒙、山东、河北、天津也不少。或许有历史原因,闯关东这段历史大家也都知道,所以说好东北人都去海南呢?

在外来人口分布比例方面,东北三省总共只占外来人口的6%,很多东北人只是到海南过冬,根本没有定居下来,至于哪一方是东北人这样的错觉,原因其实很简单,因为东北人都比较显眼。

你们想想,你们能听[文]出周围谁是安徽,谁[章]是贵州人吗?但只要[来]你身边有个东北人,[自]他一开口就可以立刻[历]认出。

托本山大叔的“福”,东北话可以说是全中国辨识度最高的方言。东北话的感染力,简单易学,所以说东北话的人,也许一点也不像东北人。而且东北人豪爽热情,谈吐风流,总能成为人群中的焦点。

但是,不可否认,东北的新生人口的确是越来越少,从2019年出生率来看,不仅远低于全国平均水平,甚至低于北京、上海,排名倒数,连亏损的状况,加上人口的流失,使这个并不富裕的家庭雪上加霜。

谈到东北人口流失的[史]原因,相信大伙儿多[大]多少少懂得经济衰退[全]

早期大力发展重工业[网],现在像现在可以买[文]一套房的鹤岗,当年[章]也是因为煤炭开采而[来]建立起来的典型的功[自]能城市。现在资源枯[历]竭,再加上国家大力[史]发展新兴科技产业,[大]东北的确不如建国初[全]期那么受重视。

大家可以在网络上找到各种各样唱衰东北的文章和观点,也因此得出了一个悲观的论断:东北没有前途

东北经济衰退?

但是,东北经济真的完全不行吗?现在,一提到东北特色产业,许多人首先想到的就是,土味浮夸的网红直播,大街上美味的东北烤肉。还编了个段子:东北轻工业靠直播,重工业靠烤肉

这就是当前东北地区[网]对于中国经济的意义[文]所在吗?

没有,当然没有。

第一,建国初期东北对全中国经济所做的贡献是不可否认的,没有东北铁汁们当年的努力生产,就不会有改开前的坚实工业基础。而且,在国家成长的不同阶段,不同地区当然也要承担不同的使命,目前东北的使命,主要有两个重点:一是国家的重器,二是国家的粮仓。

东北地区的GDP在这几年里一直在唱衰,从数据上看,2020年辽宁省GDP为2.5万亿,黑龙江省1.3万亿,全国倒数第七;吉林省1.2万亿,全国倒数第六;三省相加才5万亿,还没有我们印象中的农业大省——河南一个省的多。但是,仅凭GDP来说明一个地区的意义,这实在过于狭隘。

2017杭州娃哈哈[章]集团盈利54亿元,[来]齐齐哈尔的央企中国[自]一重集团在今年上半[历]年扭亏为盈,利润仅[史]有6000多万元。[大]

“一重集团”干什么?是国家重型技术装备工程研究中心和国家重大能源装备研发中心,涉及国家安全和国民经济命脉。

而在2020年,深[全]圳腾讯公司收入48[网]00亿,目前的市值[文]为4.7万亿。与此[章]同时,东北沈飞集团[来]2020年营收27[自]3亿,市值有133[历]0亿。

沈飞集团的业务是干啥的?即是研制第一代舰载战斗机歼-15和歼-16,是我国歼击机发展的重要基地。光比经济数据自然要比,但是你能不能说一重和沈飞,没有娃哈哈和腾讯重要?

哈娃娃倒了,还可以喝农夫山泉,还会有其他国产饮料代用品。但一重停产,没有锻压设备,国内很多钢铁厂都会停工;没有一重核岛锻压件,核电站就不能建成。

尽管腾讯现在是中国[史]最大的大企业,但是[大]沈飞的重要性更是不[全]言而喻。东北部航空[网]作为我国最大的航空[文]公司,收入的主要来[章]源是卖战斗机,一个[来]国家要强盛,除了经[自]济,要不要战斗机?[历]

如果沈飞不存在了,航母上没有舰载机就是一堆废铁。飞翔在碧海蓝天上的舰载机,都是沈飞制造的,可以说沈飞撑起了中国空军的半边天。

东北粮食撑起全国

2020年全国粮食产量统计显示,黑龙江省年产量7541万吨,居全国第一,吉林第五,辽宁第十二。在前十个产粮省份中,东北占两个席位,产量合计占全国产量的20.43%。

提到这里一定有不少南方合作伙伴都震惊了,不是说北方主产小麦,南方主产稻米?而东北的稻谷一年一熟,南方的稻谷有的能达到一年三熟,东北水稻怎么能有这么大的生产能力?

事实上,最主要的是东北地区能种水稻的面积很大。南部多山地丘陵且人口密集,不像东北平原那样以平原为主,据统计,东北水稻种植面积已超过六千万亩,占全国水稻种植面积的20%以上。

再者,这里是世界三[史]大黑土之一,“捏把[大]黑泥土,插双筷子也[全]发芽了”。东北部自[网]然也成为大粮仓。

美国前国务卿基辛格曾经说过,谁控制食物,谁就控制全人类。东北部作为全国第一大粮仓的重要性不言而喻。

但是人们也许会问,生产那么多粮食,为什么GDP不高?

由于中国粮食价格不[文]准大幅上涨,这是民[章]生之本,等于东北在[来]市场经济大潮中,再[自]一次牺牲了自己。

此外,东北还有中国[历]药材原料基地、石化[史]基地、钢铁冶炼基地[大]、设备工业基地、煤[全]矿生产基地、核潜艇[网]制造基地等。

但是你可以发现,东北的核心产业基本上都是一些不赚钱的,但是非常重要的基础产业,赚钱的互联网行业东北一个没有,轻工业也是几乎可以忽略的。这算不算是东北经济落后的根本原因呢?

然而,东北的意义仍[文]然无法抹去,没有东[章]北大粮仓,吃饭就成[来]了大问题;没有东北[自]重工业的支持,就不[历]会有南方经济大省、[史]中国经济大省、东北[大]大粮仓、中国各地区[全]都不会有南方经济大[网]省。

是的,东北人的确外[文]出了很多,但还有成[章]千上万的东北铁汁为[来]家乡而奋斗;

的确,东北虽然贫穷[自],但东北还有千万个[历]定海神针,支撑着东[史]北的价值、地位和作[大]用。

东北部人民的骄傲、自信、自尊,也不会在一次次的唱衰中消亡。对于那些唱衰和误解,只能说让子弹再飞一会儿,时间总能证明一切。

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